Musicofilia

Oliver Sacks, MusicofiliaIl libro di Oliver Sacks, Musicofilia (Adelphi Ed., 2008-2009), è una miniera di aneddoti e considerazioni sulle più disparate affezioni che coinvolgono la percezione e l’apprezzamento della musica.

Neurologo e psichiatra, ma anche membro onorario dell’Institute for Music and Neurologic Function, che ha contribuito a fondare, Sacks ha avuto fra i suoi pazienti parecchi musicisti e si è ritrovato a trattare molti casi di distorsione percettiva relativamente poco comuni e decisamente complessi, alcuni dei quali vengono descritti in questo libro.

Così, fra un caso di epilessia musicogena (crisi epilettiche indotte dalla musica che colpiscono un critico: giusta nemesi :mrgreen: ), uno di amusia cocleare (deviazione nella percezione dell’altezza dei suoni che affligge un compositore: idem) e il sorprendente capitolo dedicato a un medico che, dopo essere stato colpito da un fulmine, sviluppa un insaziabile desiderio di ascoltare musica per pianoforte, suonare e perfino comporre, si passano ore piacevoli a riflettere sulla complessità di quel sistema percettivo il cui funzionamento è in massima parte determinato dalla comunicazione bilaterale orecchie -> cervello che alla fine dà vita al fenomeno musicale.

Fenomeno, peraltro, ancora poco indagato e compreso, soprattutto se si confronta con quanto, invece, conosciamo della percezione visiva. Fenomeno che è stato sempre sottovalutato, a partire dallo stesso Darwin che ne era palesemente sconcertato, tanto da scrivere nell’Origine dell’uomo, che

Giacché né il piacere legato alla produzione di note musicali, né la capacità [di produrle] sono facoltà che abbiano il benché minimo utile diretto per l’uomo … devono essere collocate fra le più misteriose di cui egli è dotato.

È una vecchia storia questa dell’inutilità della musica d’ascolto, avvalorata dal fatto che presso molte tribù “primitive” che pure dedicano alla musica varie ore al giorno, il concetto di musica nemmeno esiste (se si chiede a uno di loro che cosa stia facendo, si ottiene una risposta tipo “batto il tamburo per propiziare la caccia”).
Una storia diffusa al punto da contagiare anche uno scrittore e scienziato come Arthur Clarke, visto che perfino gli alieni venuti a salvarci da noi stessi, i Superni de Le Guide del Tramonto, sono del tutto insensibili alla produzione di suoni svincolati da una funzione.
Una credenza che, fortunatamente, viene lentamente demolita da studi come quelli di Steven Mithen, il quale, nel suo Canto degli Antenati (The Singing Neanderthal, di cui abbiamo già parlato), ipotizza che la musica e il linguaggio abbiano un’origine comune e che una caratteristica della mente neandertaliana fosse proprio una combinazione di proto-musica e proto-linguaggio (Mithen chiama questa sorta di linguaggio cantato fatto di significati, ma senza singole parole così come noi le intendiamo, HMMMM che sta per holistic-mimetical-musical-multi-modal).

E tuttavia, se è difficile spiegarne l’origine, non c’è niente di strano al pensiero di produrre qualcosa per puro piacere estetico e/o intellettuale, attività che, peraltro, non è ad esclusivo appannaggio delle civiltà tecnologicamente avanzate. Spesso e giustamente si dice che l’arte si può fare solo quando i bisogni primari (principalmente l’assillo del cibo) sono soddisfatti, sottintendendo che soltanto una civiltà progredita possa permettersela.
Si dimentica, però, che molte delle società cosiddette primitive, se lasciate indisturbate, sono ben integrate nel proprio ambiente e tutt’altro che assillate da problemi vitali. Ricordo di aver letto uno studio dedicato agli aborigeni (di cui purtroppo ora non riesco a ritrovare gli estremi; non sono a casa e mi connetto con una miserabile chiavetta a tempo limitato), in cui si calcolava che ogni membro adulto del villaggio lavorasse (caccia, raccolta, preparazione del cibo, manutenzione varia, etc) fra le 12 e le 18 ore settimanali (l’orario di un insegnante). Il resto del tempo trascorre in attività di svago che comprendono anche il cantare insieme, che da loro è descritto come “raccontare storie” 😎 .

A Cartographic Anomaly

David Toop (born 5th May 1949, Enfield, London, England) is a musician, writer and sound curator. He has published three books, currently translated into six languages: Rap Attack (now in its third edition), Ocean of Sound, and Exotica (selected as a winner of the 21st annual American Books Awards for 2000).

His first album, New and Rediscovered Musical Instruments, was released on Brian Eno’s Obscure label in 1975; since 1995 he has released six solo albums – Screen Ceremonies, Pink Noir, Spirit World, Museum of Fruit, Hot Pants Idol and 37th Floor At Sunset: Music For Mondophrenetic – and curated six acclaimed CD compilations for Virgin Records – Ocean of Sound, Crooning On Venus, Sugar & Poison, Booming On Pluto, Isolationism and Guitars On Mars. In 1998 he composed the soundtrack for Acqua Matrix, the outdoor spectacular that closed every night of Lisbon Expo ’98 from May until September.

He has recorded shamanistic ceremonies in Amazonas, appeared on Top Of The Pops with The Flying Lizards, worked with musicians including Brian Eno, John Zorn, Prince Far I, Jon Hassell, Derek Bailey, Talvin Singh, Evan Parker, Max Eastley, Scanner, Ivor Cutler, Haruomi Hosono, Jin Hi Kim and Bill Laswell, and collaborated with artists from many other disciplines, including theatre director/actor Steven Berkoff, Japanese Butoh dancer Mitsutaka Ishii, sound poet Bob Cobbing visual artist John Latham, filmmaker Jae-eun Choi and author Jeff Noon.

As a critic and columnist he has written for many publications, including The Wire, The Face, The Times, The Sunday Times, The Guardian, Arena, Vogue, Spin, GQ, Bookforum, Urb, Black Book, The New York Times and The Village Voice. He has curated Sonic Boom, the UK’s largest ever exhibition of sound art, displayed at the Hayward Gallery, London, from April to June, 2000. In 2001-02 he was sound curator for Radical Fashion, an exhibition of work by designers including Issey Miyake, Junya Watanabe, Martin Margiela and Hussein Chalayan, held at the Victoria and Albert Museum in 2001-2002 and featuring music by Björk, Ryuichi Sakamoto, Akira Rabelais, Paul Schütze and others.
[Text from Last-FM]

David Toop – A Cartographic Anomaly from Hot Pants Idol album

Wyatt sings Cage

Robert Wyatt sings John Cage’s The Wonderful Widow of Eighteen Springs for voice and piano. The piano stay closed and is used as a percussion instrument.

The song was commissioned by singer Janet Fairbank, who later became known for pioneering contemporary music. Cage chose to set a passage from page 556 of Finnegans Wake, a book he bought soon after its publication in 1939. The composition is based, according to Cage himself, on the impressions received from the passage. The Wonderful Widow of Eighteen Springs marks the start of Cage’s interest in Joyce and is the first piece among many in which he uses the writer’s work.

The vocal line only uses three pitches, while the piano remains closed and the pianist produces sounds by hitting the lid or other parts of the instrument in a variety of ways (with his fingers, with his knuckles, etc.) Almost immediately after its composition the song became one of Cage’s most frequently performed works, and was several times performed by the celebrated duo of Cathy Berberian and Luciano Berio. Cage later composed another piece for voice and closed piano, A Flower, and a companion piece to The Wonderful Widow of Eighteen Springs, called Nowth upon Nacht, also based on Joyce’s book.

From Obscure 1 LP

Listening to the Silence

Listening to the Silence is a film by the english musician John Collins that explores a kaleidoscope of musical examples from Ghana: children’s games and their musical bands; traditional drums; sensual dances; trance dances; animated funeral music; and many other examples from the Ewe, Ashanti, Ga, and Frafra peoples of Ghana. Throughout the program, the leitmotif is social participation and the strikingly complex rhythmic sensibilities of the people.

Here is a gorgeous excerpt taped at a post office.

Sub Contrabass Recorder

I think that a few of you have ever seen (and listen to) a sub contrabass recorder, a monster from early music (around 1600). So here it is played by Karel van Steenhoven.

Studies for Player Piano

Conlon Nancarrow (October 27, 1912 – August 10, 1997) was born in the USA, but he lived in Mexico from 1940 to his death in 1997 because of his membership in the communist party.

It was in Mexico that Nancarrow did the work he is best known for today. He had already written some music in the United States, but the extreme technical demands they made on players meant that satisfactory performances were very rare. That situation did not improve in Mexico’s musical environment, also with few musicians available who could perform his works, so the need to find an alternative way of having his pieces performed became even more pressing. Taking a suggestion from Henry Cowell’s book New Musical Resources, which he bought in New York in 1939, Nancarrow found the answer in the player piano, with its ability to produce extremely complex rhythmic patterns at a speed far beyond the abilities of humans. So, he wrote studies of ever growing complexity, exploiting the mechanical nature of player piano system.

Nancarrow’s first pieces combined the harmonic language and melodic motifs of early jazz pianists like Art Tatum with extraordinarily complicated metrical schemes. The first five rolls he made are called the Boogie-Woogie Suite (later assigned the name Study No. 3 a-e). His later works were abstract, with no obvious references to any music apart from Nancarrow’s itself.

Many of these later pieces (which he generally called studies) are canons in augmentation or diminution or prolation canons. In music, a prolation canon or mensuration canon is a musical composition wherein the different voices play the same melody at different speeds (or prolations, a metrical term that dates to the medieval and Renaissance eras).

While most canons using this device, such as those by Ockeghem, Desprez or J.S. Bach, have the tempos of the various parts in quite simple ratios, like 2:1 or 3:2, Nancarrow’s canons are in far more complicated ratios. The Study No. 40, for example, has its parts in the ratio e:pi (i.e. 2.71828:3.14159, an irrational time ratio unplayable by humans), while the Study No. 37 has twelve individual melodic lines, each one moving at a different tempo.

He became better known in the 1980s, and was lauded as one of the most significant composers of the century. The composer György Ligeti called his music “the greatest discovery since Webern and Ives … the best of any composer living today“.

Here you can listen to the full playlist. By going to YouTube you can select them one by one

Dreaming in R’lyeh

The nightmare corpse-city of R’lyeh…was built in measureless eons behind history by the vast, loathsome shapes that seeped down from the dark stars. There lay great Cthulhu and his hordes, hidden in green slimy vaults.
[H. P. Lovecraft, The Call of Cthulhu]

R’lyeh is a fictional city that first appeared in the story “The Call of Cthulhu,” by H. P. Lovecraft. R’lyeh is also referred to in Lovecraft’s “The Mound” as Relex. R’lyeh is a sunken city located deep under the Pacific Ocean and is where the godlike being Cthulhu is buried.

R’lyeh is sometimes referred to in the ritualistic phrase “Ph’nglui mglw’nafh Cthulhu R’lyeh wgah’nagl fhtagn“, which roughly translates to “In his house at R’lyeh dead Cthulhu waits dreaming”.

For sure H. P. Lovecraft fans are Josef Nadek and DMAH, the authors of this work published by suRRism-Phonoethics that no longer exists and today it is found on the Internet Archive (click here to download).

Snorkel Quintet

The SuRRism-Phonoethics net label was a Frankfurt, Germany based non-profit netlabel specializing in Experimental music (The domain is now for sale). Some of their releases could be classified as Electronic art music/Electronic music, industrial or experimental music with sub-genres like Electro-Acoustic, Improvisation & Cut-Up.

Their official launch occurred in 2008, with a release for Undress Béton (aka Jaan Patterson). All their releases are free for download under Creative Commons or Copyleft licenses.

SuRRism-Phonoethics production was very interesting, dedicated to artists who wish to push the boundaries.

Today I am pleased to present you the Snorkel Quintet,  here on Free Music Archive and here on SoundCloud, a Barcelona-based group of six (yes!) players devoted to improvisation and influenced by contemporary music and jazz.

Some excerpt from their album called Snorkel Quintet – Improvisaciones realizadas entre enero-abril 2010 Barcelona, España. Go to this page to download the whole work.